The Grand Challenge of Physiology: To Integrate Function from Molecules to Man
نویسنده
چکیده
Traditional English Nursery Rhythm (earliest published version 1803) (Opie and Opie, 1997). The term physiology was fi rst introduced by Jean Francois Fernel (ca. 1497–1558) in 1542 [De Naturali Parte Medicinae (on the natural part of medicine)] as the study of the function of the healthy body as distinguished from pathology, the study of disease (Hall, 1975). William Harvey (1578–1657) is often regarded as the father of modern physiology as he was the fi rst individual to use carefully designed human and animal experiments to establish the function of a major bodily organ system with his description of the circulation of the blood. This application of physiology is illustrated in the following brief quotation from his seminal publication “Exercitatio Anatomica De Motu Cordis et De Circulatione Sanguinis in Animalibus” 1628 (Anatomical exercises on the motion of the heart and the circulation of blood in living creatures, fi rst English translation 1653):
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